The parotid fascia in human anatomy is a fascia that builds a closed membrane together with the masseteric fascia. This common membrane sheaths the parotid gland, its excretory duct and the passing out branches of the facial nerve as well. The parotid fascia proceeds of the superficial layer of the deep cervical fascia that. PROMETHEUS LernAtlas der Anatomie. Duale Reihe Dermatologie duale reihe dermatologie pdf. Taschenlehrbuch Anatomie pdf; atlas biologie pdf. Anatomie Duale Reihe Pdf.

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Teres major muscle (TM) and latissimus dorsi muscle (LD) are frequently used in muscle transfers around the shoulder girdle. Some authors have suggested harvesting techniques in which the muscle is detached in continuity with a bone segment. Information on the bony attachment footprint of these muscles is lacking. The purpose of this study was to investigate the region of attachment of the TM to facilitate safe and complete harvesting with a bone segment where it is indicated, and to determine the relationship of the TM footprint with that of the LD. Twenty‐eight upper extremities of 14 human cadavers (six female, eight male) were investigated during the students’ dissection course in the winter term 2012. The attachment footprints were photographed and the images were processed with imageJ Version 1.46r. The TM attachment footprint at the crest of the lesser tubercle had an average dimension of 187 ± 89 mm 2.

It was 49.6 ± 7.9 mm long and 7.4 ± 2.5 mm wide. The bony attachment of the LD within the bicipital groove, just below the tendon of the long head of the biceps muscle, had an area of 94 ± 37 mm 2. It was 36.5 ± 8 mm long and 3.7 ± 1.2 mm wide. Both muscles were separated by 4.4 ± 1.7 mm and their attachments overlapped in the craniocaudal direction by 24.4 ± 12.4 mm.

Earlier studies have investigated the dimensions of the muscles’ tendons close to the attachment not the bony attachment itself. The dimension of the attachment of the TM was larger than that of the LD. The ratio between the footprint areas was approximately 2:1. This information should be considered by surgeons undertaking transfers, which include a bony segment of the muscle insertion. Materials and methods This study was performed using 28 forequarter specimens of 14 human cadavers (eight male and six female) with an average age of 87 ± 6 years (range 74.25–98.16 years).

The bodies were donated to the Division of Clinical and Functional Anatomy of the Medical University of Innsbruck by people who had given their informed consent to use their bodies for scientific purposes prior to death (McHanwell et al. Presidential Service Badge Serial Numbers. ; Riederer et al. All cadavers were preserved using a formaldehyde‐phenol solution (Platzer et al.

A recent analysis showed that bodies donated to our institution are a representative sample of the general Austrian population at the age of death (Konschake & Brenner, ). The investigation took place during the topographical dissection course at the Medical University of Innsbruck in the winter term 2012. Macroscopic measurements were performed with the arm in neutral (0 ° abduction) position. All measurements were performed by the first author (MD) using a digital slide caliper (Lidl, Germany).